Let's make our special education schools more european – changing special education paradigms

Educational systems in Europe are reforming from year to year. When we talk about the education of children with disabilities, the changes are even more visible. In all areas of science, even in special education and rehabilitation, there are changes, both because of new knowledge, as well as because of changes in society and the new demands of the society. On the one hand, in accordance with the inclusive concept of social development, children with disabilities attend "regular" schools, and, in such an educational environment, special education and rehabilitation has a different role. On the other hand, according to research, we have an increasing number of children with autism spectrum disorders and an increasing number of children with multiple disabilities. The majority of children with these disabilities are in special schools. These children need education that will focus on functional knowledge and functional skills, and it is therefore necessary to provide evidence-based support systems and evidence-based interventions. Within the framework of the EU-funded Erasmus+ program, Serbian NGO "Family Care" is implementing a project titled "Let's make our special education schools more European". The aim of this project is to improve special education and rehabilitation of children with disabilities in Serbia. The project name symbolically depicts our idea of a European dimension of changes in the education of children with disabilities in "special" schools in Serbia. The project team is working on it. This paper provides an overview of domestic and foreign practices, as well as guidelines for reforming schools for the education of children with disabilities. The presentation is illustrated with adequate videos.Educational systems in Europe are reforming from year to year. When we talk about the education of children with disabilities, the changes are even more visible. In all areas of science, even in special education and rehabilitation, there are changes, both because of new knowledge, as well as because of changes in society and the new demands of the society. On the one hand, in accordance with the inclusive concept of social development, children with disabilities attend "regular" schools, and, in such an educational environment, special education and rehabilitation has a different role. On the other hand, according to research, we have an increasing number of children with autism spectrum disorders and an increasing number of children with multiple disabilities. The majority of children with these disabilities are in special schools. These children need education that will focus on functional knowledge and functional skills, and it is therefore necessary to provide evidence-based support systems and evidence-based interventions. Within the framework of the EU-funded Erasmus+ program, Serbian NGO "Family Care" is implementing a project titled "Let's make our special education schools more European". The aim of this project is to improve special education and rehabilitation of children with disabilities in Serbia. The project name symbolically depicts our idea of a European dimension of changes in the education of children with disabilities in "special" schools in Serbia. The project team is working on it. This paper provides an overview of domestic and foreign practices, as well as guidelines for reforming schools for the education of children with disabilities. The presentation is illustrated with adequate video

Uloga humora u medicini i djelovanje klaunova-doktora

Humor ima povoljne učinke na zdravlje jer štiti od negativnih utjecaja stresa i ublažava tjelesnu i emocionalnu bol. Djeluje relaksirajuće, umanjuje strah, tugu i anksioznost te poboljšava imunološki sustav, respiratorni i kardiovaskularni sustav. Omogućuje realniju procjenu situacije i distanciranje od stresa. U bolničkom okruženju korisna je metoda za smanjenje stresa i boli te za postizanje bolje suradnje pacijenata tijekom invazivnih pretraga. Djelovanje klaunova-doktora predstavlja jedinstven način primjene humora u bolničkom okruženju. Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju da intervencije klaunova-doktora ublažavaju neke negativne učinke hospitalizacije na bolesnike, naročito djecu, jer donose zabavu i smijeh, mijenjaju raspoloženje i percepciju bolesti i liječenja te psihološki osnažuju osobu. Potvrđen je i pozitivan učinak klaunova-doktora na roditelje i članove obitelji bolesne djece, te bolničko osoblje. U radu su prikazane novije spoznaje o učinku humora na tjelesno i mentalno zdravlje te djelovanje klaunova-doktora u svijetu i Hrvatskoj

Water for all : Proceedings of the 7th international scientific and professional conference Water for all

The 7th International Scientific and Professional Conference Water for all is organized to honour the World Water Day by the Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, European Hygienic Engineering & Design Group (EHEDG), Danube Parks, Croatian Food Agency, Croatian Water, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Department of Chemistry, Nature Park “Kopački rit”, Osijek- Baranja County, Public Health Institute of the Osijek- Baranja County and „Vodovod-Osijek“ -water supply company in Osijek. The topic of World Water Day 2017 was "Wastewater" emphasizing the importance and influence of wastewater treatments on global environment. The international scientific and professional conference Water for all is a gathering of scientists and experts in the field of water management, including chemists, biologists, civil and agriculture engineers, with a goal to remind people about the significance of fresh water and to promote an interdisciplinary approach and sustainability for fresh water resource management. The Conference has been held since 2011. About 300 scientists and engineers submitted 95 abstracts to the 7th International Scientific and Professional Conference Water for all, out of which 33 was presented orally and 62 as posters. 47 full papers were accepted by the Scientific Committee. 38 full papers became the part of the this Proceedings while 9 papers were accepted for publication in Croatian Journal of Food Science and Technology and Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek - e-GFOS

VARIATION IMPACT LEACHATE FROM LANDFILLS BRIJESNICA ON QUALITY OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATER

Regional Landfill Brijesnica is located in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the western part of the municipality of Bijeljina, and began work in 2010, with an approximate area of 4.5 ha. The sanitary cells are built with protective insulating materials - special geomembranes and other materials that guarantee the protection of groundwater. The landfill has a system to collect leachate and biogas collection system. An equalization pool was built to accept leachate with a recirculation system with the return of leachate into the cell. Leachate from the equalization basin is in the monitoring period directly discharged into surface flows (Majevički kanal). In this study, to determine the state of pollution of surface and groundwater first a hydrogeological analysis of the immediate area of the landfill was done. The analysis of the results of the monitoring of leachate, surface water and groundwater in this dump for a period of four years was done. Monitoring of these waters was made in all four seasons during several hidrological years in order to define a mdegree of pollution of surface and groundwater. Based on the results of analysis the undeniable impactof leachate from the landfill to the surface was determined but not in groundwater

BIOLOŠKO UKLANJANJE AMONIJUM JONA IZ VODE ZA PIĆE

Biološki procesi uklanjanja amonijum jona iz vode za piće, poput biofiltracije, zauzimaju sve više paţnje, s obzirom dase primjenom ovih procesa mogu izbjeći toksiĉni nusproizvodi dezinfekcije, ali i problemi koji se pojavljuju udistribucionom sistemu. Istraţivanja su sprovedena na poluindustrijskom postrojenju („Pilot―) u a.d. „Vodovod― BanjaLuka projektovanom za ispitivanje i optimizaciju procesa pripreme vode za piće iz površinske vode (rijeka Vrbas).Ciklus istraţivanja biološkog uklanjanja amonijum jona na filterima proveden je u ljetnom, jesenjem i zimskom periodupri hidrauliĉkom opterećenju sirove vode od 1,2–2 m3/h. Biološka filtracije na poluindustrijskom postrojenju, praćenaje na jedno- i dvo-medijumskim filterima uz promjenu brzine filtracije i temperature ulazne vode. Pri brzini filtracije od3,3 m/h nije postignuta potpuna nitrifikacija. Nepotpunost nitrifikacije ogleda se u nepotpunosti njene druge faze –nitratifikacije, dok je proces nitritifikacije konstantan na oba filtera (pijesak; pijesak+antracit), za sve primijenjeneinicijalne koncentracije amonijum jona (γ = 0,6-1,3 mg NH4+- N/L). Pri brzini filtracije od 0,8 m/h postiţe se potpunanitrifikacija ĉak i pri sniţavanju temperature sa 11,1° na 8,8°C

PRELIMINARY RESEARCH OF WASTE BIOMASS AND PLASTIC PYROLYSIS PROCESS

Most plastic materials are non-biodegradable. Thus, disposing of such materials in landfills is undesirable, not only because of environmental concerns but also because of relevant EU policies requiring a certain degree of recycling and reuse of plastic materials. Furthermore, significant quantities of biomass waste, particularly waste sawdust as a consequence of intensive wood processing, represents another problem. Co-pyrolysis techniques have received much attention in recent years because they provide an alternative way to dispose of and convert waste plastic and biomass into high value feedstock and fuels. Recent investigations have shown that biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis achieve a synergistic effect, in the form of increased yield of liquid products, and the improvement of the overall process efficiency. This paper presents the results of technical analysis of waste plastics, waste biomass and mixtures biomass/plastic in the ratio 1:1; 3:1 and 1:3. The most common types of plastic waste in municipal waste: high density polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene, as well as two distinctive types of biomass, sawdust beech and spruce sawdust were selected for this investigation. The following parameters were determined: moisture, ash, coke residue, bonded carbon, volatile matter and combustible materials. During the test, the conditions of pyrolysis were simulated, in order to observe the changes of volatile substances in a mixture of biomass/plastic in comparison to theoretically expected values. The results of conducted measurements show that there is an increase in volatile matter, in all the mixtures and their ratios. The largest deviation of volatile matter in relation to the expected theoretical values was observed in the mixtures of sawdust beech/ polystyrene in the ratio 1:1.Most plastic materials are non-biodegradable. Thus, disposing of such materials in landfills is undesirable, not only because of environmental concerns but also because of relevant EU policies requiring a certain degree of recycling and reuse of plastic materials. Furthermore, significant quantities of biomass waste, particularly waste sawdust as a consequence of intensive wood processing, represents another problem. Co-pyrolysis techniques have received much attention in recent years because they provide an alternative way to dispose of and convert waste plastic and biomass into high value feedstock and fuels. Recent investigations have shown that biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis achieve a synergistic effect, in the form of increased yield of liquid products, and the improvement of the overall process efficiency. This paper presents the results of technical analysis of waste plastics, waste biomass and mixtures biomass/plastic in the ratio 1:1; 3:1 and 1:3. The most common types of plastic waste in municipal waste: high density polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene, as well as two distinctive types of biomass, sawdust beech and spruce sawdust were selected for this investigation. The following parameters were determined: moisture, ash, coke residue, bonded carbon, volatile matter and combustible materials. During the test, the conditions of pyrolysis were simulated, in order to observe the changes of volatile substances in a mixture of biomass/plastic in comparison to theoretically expected values. The results of conducted measurements show that there is an increase in volatile matter, in all the mixtures and their ratios. The largest deviation of volatile matter in relation to the expected theoretical values was observed in the mixtures of sawdust beech/ polystyrene in the ratio 1:1

Assessment of PM2.5 sources in the Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina) suburban area using nondestructive techniques and positive matrix factorization

The sources of different pollutants contributing to ambient PM2.5 in the Banja Luka (Bosnia and Herzegovina) suburban area were estimated. From January 2016 to March 2017, a total of 140 daily PM2.5 filter samples were collected and analyzed by complementary nondestructive analytical techniques. Concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, and Pb were determined by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence technique while black carbon concentration was estimated using multi-wavelength absorption optical measurements. Evaluation of the emission sources was performed based on the obtained PM2.5 composition data using positive matrix factorization model. The results indicate five main groups of sources contributing to the annual mean PM2.5 concentration (38.7 µg/m3): secondary sulfur/coal combustion 35.4% (11.8 µg/m3), biomass combustion 26.1. % (9.2 µg/m3), road salts/heavy oil 21.2% (7.5 µg/m3), soil dust 1.1% (0.4 µg/m3) and traffic emissions less than 0.05%. Black carbon originating from diesel fuel and biomass burning was differentiated by applied optical technique and included into PMF analysis. The approach and results of the field study are unique and significant contribution to the air quality management in this area.Copyright © 2022 American Association for Aerosol Researc

Temperature and time influence on the waste plastics pyrolysis in the fixed bed reactor

Pyrolysis as a technique of chemical recycling of plastic materials is causing an increasing level of interest as an environmentally and economically acceptable option for the processing of waste materials. Studies of these processes are carried out under different experimental conditions, in different types of reactors and with different raw materials, which makes the comparison of different processes and the direct application of process parameters quite complex. This paper presents the results of investigation of the influence of temperature in the range of 450°C to 525°C, on the yield of the process of pyrolysis of waste plastics mixture, composed of 45% polypropylene, 35% low density polyethylene and 25% high density polyethylene. Also, this paper presents results of the investigation of the effect of the reaction, atintervals of 30-90 [min], on the yield of pyrolysis of the mentioned waste plastics mixture. Research was conducted in a fixed bed pilot reactor, which was developed for this purpose. The results of the research show that at a temperature of 500°C, complete conversion of raw materials was achieved, for a period of 45 [min], with a maximum yield of the pyrolysis oil of 32.80%, yield of the gaseous products of 65.75% and the solid remains of 1.46%. Afurther increase of temperature increases the yield of gaseous products, at the expense of reducing the yield of pyrolysis oil. Obtained pyrolysis oil has a high calorific value of 45.96 [MJ/kg], and in this regard has potential applications as an alternative fuel

Da naše specijalne škole budu kao evropske – izazovi problemi rešenja

Projekat “Da naše specijalne škole budu kao evropske” sprovodi organizacija „Pomoć porodici“ u okviru Erasmus+ programa koji finansira Evropska Unija. Cilj ovog projekta je unapređivanje specijalne edukacije i rehabilitacije dece sa smetnjama u razvoju u Srbiji. Naziv projekta simbolično oslikava našu ideju evropske dimenzije promena u oblasti obrazovanja dece sa smetnjama u razvoju u specijalnim školama u Srbiji na čemu radi projektni tim. Projekat će doprineti unapređenju i promociji implementacije relevantnih zakonskih i strateških okvira koji se odnose na decu sa smetnjama u razvoju i invaliditetom kroz dodatno usaglašavanje sa evropskim standardima. Važan element projekta čini promocija primene znanja koja se odnose na savremene metode rada sa decom sa smetnjama u razvoju u specijalnim školama i specijalnim trening školama sa čim se naš tim upoznao kroz program učenja u Švedskoj, što ćemo u ovom radu predstaviti. Projektom je planirano da se izrade preporuke za unapređivanje rada škola za decu sa smetnjama u razvoju u Srbiji. U toku pripremne procedure za izradu dokumenta preporuka posetili smo ustanove koje su izabrane kao primeri dobre prakse u Srbiji, a to su: Škola sa domom učenika "Bubanj" u Nišu, Škola "Radivoj Popović" u Zemunu i Škola za osnovno i srednje obrazovanje “Milan Petrović” u Novom Sadu. Poseban fokus stavljen je na analizu postojećih dobrih kapaciteta i na inovativna rešenja u radu sa decom sa smetnjama u razvoju u Srbiji, na osnovu čega su izrađene preporuke koje su u radu prikazane